When to Plant Endive in Des Plaines, Illinois, United States

Step by step in Des Plaines

Import into Apple Calendar, Google Calendar or Outlook. Dates use the selected risk level and are planning estimates, not frost alerts.

Each window is a planning range. Check the forecast, soil and cultivar before planting; a later date is not automatically safer in hot or wet conditions.

Start indoors

15 Mar - 5 Apr

Six weeks before your last frost, under cover or on a windowsill.

Sow for autumn

9-30 Jun

Counting back 114 days from your first frost so the crop matures in time.

Sow direct

10-31 May

Two weeks after your last frost.

Sow direct

12 Apr - 3 May

Two weeks before your last frost.

Harvest

1 Aug - 30 Nov

Sow in succession. A single sowing gives you a single glut. Sow a short row every 21 days through the window above and you get a steady supply instead.

Frost tolerance

Hardy

Damaged below

-6°C (21.2°F)

Days to maturity

80–100

Min soil temp

7°C (44.6°F)

Spacing

30 cm

Sowing depth

6 mm (0.2 in)

Sun

Full

Endive through the year

Against the frost risk in Des Plaines

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Endive

Frost risk Start indoors Autumn sowing Sow direct Plant out Harvest Today

Seasonal context

Rainfall and the growing season in Des Plaines

May has the highest average precipitation (121 mm); January has the lowest (44 mm). Compare this pattern with the planting windows and your water supply.

Jan 44 mm

Feb 51 mm

Mar 63 mm

Apr 94 mm

May 121 mm

Jun 112 mm

Jul 100 mm

Aug 105 mm

Sep 87 mm

Oct 91 mm

Nov 58 mm

Dec 58 mm

During wetter months, check that beds and containers drain after heavy rain. During drier months, plan how you will keep seeds and new transplants watered. Monthly averages can hide long dry spells and intense storms; they do not show soil moisture, humidity or this week's weather.

Source: NASA POWER, corrected MERRA-2 precipitation, 2001–2020. Values are approximate monthly totals, including the water equivalent of snow, from the nearest 0.5° × 0.625° grid cell. This reference period differs from the temperature record. Rainfall provides context and does not change the calculated planting dates. Method and limitations.

Monthly growing conditions in Des Plaines

Compare the planting window with the local temperature pattern. These are historical monthly averages, not this year's forecast or measured soil temperatures. Average frost days do not tell you whether a particular night will freeze.

NASA POWER climate averages, 1995–2024
Month	Average low	Average high	Frost days
January	-9.8°C (14.4°F)	-1.5°C (29.3°F)	29.4
February	-8.2°C (17.3°F)	1.1°C (33.9°F)	26.6
March	-2.4°C (27.6°F)	7.7°C (45.9°F)	23.1
April	2.6°C (36.7°F)	14.5°C (58.1°F)	8.7
May	8.8°C (47.8°F)	20.7°C (69.3°F)	0.3
June	14.7°C (58.5°F)	26.3°C (79.3°F)	0.0
July	17.6°C (63.8°F)	28.7°C (83.6°F)	0.0
August	17.2°C (63°F)	28.3°C (83°F)	0.0
September	12.9°C (55.2°F)	24.7°C (76.4°F)	0.0
October	5.9°C (42.7°F)	17°C (62.6°F)	3.2
November	-0.7°C (30.7°F)	8.4°C (47.2°F)	18.0
December	-6.3°C (20.6°F)	1.4°C (34.5°F)	27.5

For endive, also check drainage, sunlight and cultivar requirements. See the rainfall context above; humidity, irrigation and local pest pressure are not calculated.

Local growing check

Before choosing endive for Des Plaines

May is the wettest month in the rainfall grid, averaging about 121 mm. Check how your own bed drains and plan watering around actual soil moisture; monthly rain totals are not an irrigation schedule.

The temperature and rainfall tables on this page show the underlying climate estimates. How these suitability checks work · Record what happens in your garden.

Before you plant endive

Use the calendar to plan ahead, then check the conditions in your own garden.

Measure the soil at sowing depth. Aim for at least 7°C (44.6°F); the calendar estimates soil warmth from air temperatures and cannot measure your bed.
Frost tolerance does not make saturated or frozen soil suitable for planting. Wait until the bed can be worked without smearing or compacting it.
Harden off plants raised indoors: gradually expose them to outdoor light, wind and temperature before their final move into the bed.
Use the maturity range on your seed packet when choosing a variety. Cold, short days and transplant stress can make harvest later than the calendar estimate.

Choose curly endive or escarole and manage bitterness

Use a cool suitable season with moist, drained soil. Keep growth steady and allow room for a rosette rather than crowding plants as if they were a tray of microgreens.

If blanching to reduce bitterness, exclude light only as harvest approaches and when leaves are dry enough to avoid trapping rot. Self-blanching varieties offer another option. Inspect the centre regularly and harvest before leaf quality deteriorates.

What to record this season

Did blanching improve flavour without causing decay inside the rosette? Add the cultivar, sowing date and conditions to your growing record so you can compare next season.

Further reading: NC State Extension: Cichorium endivia . General crop guidance; local dates on this site are calculated separately. Source checked 19 September 2026 by Safe to Plant; this is not an expert review.

The reference describes plant identity and cultivation. Its regional calendar months and hardiness observations do not validate the calculated dates for another location.

How the dates are calculated and their limits · Keep a growing record · Report a local discrepancy

Why these dates

Use a cool suitable season with moist, drained soil. Keep growth steady and allow room for a rosette rather than crowding plants as if they were a tray of microgreens.

Check the named variety and local forecast before exposing young growth. The catalog cold-damage figure is a reference, not a guarantee: plant age, acclimatisation, wind and the duration of a freeze affect damage.

This calendar uses frost-relative offsets as a starting point. Endive are timed from 6 weeks before that frost for an indoor start, with planting out 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Des Plaines.

The calendar also applies a soil-warming estimate derived from historical air temperatures. Where that estimate is later than the frost-based date, it delays the window. Soil in your own garden can warm earlier or later; a thermometer at sowing depth is a better final check. Cold, wet conditions can slow germination and increase decay risk.

The median frost-free season here is 179 days, against 80 to 100 days to maturity for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.

See every crop timed for Des Plaines →

Nearby

Endive in places close by

Mount Prospect 6 km Arlington Heights 10 km Skokie 12 km Palatine 15 km Evanston 16 km Hoffman Estates 16 km

Also in Des Plaines

Other vegetables to time

Tomatoes tender Lettuce half hardy Potatoes half hardy Courgettes tender Sweet peppers tender Carrots hardy Cucumbers tender Green beans tender Peas hardy Garlic very hardy Chilli peppers tender Sweetcorn tender

Growing endive in Des Plaines

Can I grow endive in Des Plaines?

The calendar estimates a planting window, not a guarantee of success. May is the wettest month in the rainfall grid, averaging about 121 mm. Check how your own bed drains and plan watering around actual soil moisture; monthly rain totals are not an irrigation schedule.

When should I plant endive in Des Plaines?

Aim for 12 Apr - 3 May in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 28 Apr - 19 May - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.

When might endive be ready to harvest in Des Plaines?

The estimated period is 1 Aug - 30 Nov, based on 80 to 100 days from the modeled planting date. Cultivar, planting material and growing conditions can change this interval; check the plant as well as the calendar.

How much frost will endive tolerate?