Safe to Plant

Rapini · Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

When to plant rapini in Philadelphia

Main outdoor window

31 Mar - 21 Apr

The window this page is built around.

Timed from last spring frost

14 April

In Philadelphia, on your chosen risk.

Ready to pick

1 May - 30 Nov

If you plant at the start of the window.

The average last frost. Half of all years are later than this.

Step by step in Philadelphia

Each window is a range, not a single day. Earlier in the range buys you a longer season; later in it buys you a safer one.

Sow for autumn

4-25 Aug

Counting back 69 days from your first frost so the crop matures in time.

Sow direct

31 Mar - 21 Apr

Two weeks before your last frost.

Harvest

1 May - 30 Nov

Sow in succession. A single sowing gives you a single glut. Sow a short row every 14 days through the window above and you get a steady supply instead.
Frost tolerance
Hardy
Damaged below
-6°C (21.2°F)
Days to maturity
40–55
Min soil temp
7°C (44.6°F)
Spacing
15 cm
Sowing depth
10 mm (0.4 in)
Sun
Full

Rapini through the year

Against the frost risk in Philadelphia

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Frost risk Autumn sowing Sow direct Harvest Today

Why these dates

Sow from two weeks before the last frost and again from late summer. Warm weather pushes it into flower before the plant has any bulk, so the autumn sowing is the better one.

Hardy to about -6C. Cold weather is what keeps the buds tight, so a frosty autumn produces the best heads.

Seed packets and extension guides express timing as weeks either side of the last spring frost, because that is the only reference point that travels. Rapini are timed for direct sowing 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Philadelphia.

The median frost-free season here is 202 days, against 40 to 55 days to maturity for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.

See every crop timed for Philadelphia →

Growing rapini in Philadelphia

When should I plant rapini in Philadelphia?

Aim for 31 Mar - 21 Apr in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 9-30 Apr - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.

When will rapini be ready to harvest in Philadelphia?

Expect to start picking around 1 May - 30 Nov, based on 40 to 55 days to maturity from the planting date calculated for this location.

How much frost will rapini tolerate?

Hardy to about -6C. Cold weather is what keeps the buds tight, so a frosty autumn produces the best heads.