Safe to Plant

Cavolo nero · Queens, New York, United States

When to plant cavolo nero in Queens

Main outdoor window

15 Mar - 5 Apr

The window this page is built around.

Timed from last spring frost

29 March

In Queens, on your chosen risk.

Ready to pick

1 Sep - 31 Mar

If you plant at the start of the window.

The average last frost. Half of all years are later than this.

Step by step in Queens

Each window is a range, not a single day. Earlier in the range buys you a longer season; later in it buys you a safer one.

Start indoors

15 Feb - 8 Mar

Six weeks before your last frost, under cover or on a windowsill.

Sow direct

15 Mar - 5 Apr

Two weeks before your last frost.

Transplant

15 Mar - 5 Apr

Two weeks before your last frost.

Harvest

1 Sep - 31 Mar

Frost tolerance
Very-hardy
Damaged below
-12°C (10.4°F)
Days to maturity
60–80
Min soil temp
4.5°C (40.1°F)
Spacing
45 cm
Sowing depth
12 mm (0.5 in)
Sun
Full

Cavolo nero through the year

Against the frost risk in Queens

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Frost risk Start indoors Sow direct Plant out Harvest Today

Why these dates

Treated exactly like kale: sow from six weeks before the last frost for summer picking, and again in midsummer for the plants that carry you through winter.

Hardy to about -12C. Repeated frosts convert starch to sugar and the leaf becomes noticeably sweeter, so the winter crop is the better one.

Seed packets and extension guides express timing as weeks either side of the last spring frost, because that is the only reference point that travels. Cavolo nero are timed from 6 weeks before that frost for an indoor start, with planting out 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Queens.

The median frost-free season here is 249 days, against 60 to 80 days to maturity for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.

See every crop timed for Queens →

Growing cavolo nero in Queens

When should I plant cavolo nero in Queens?

Aim for 15 Mar - 5 Apr in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 25 Mar - 15 Apr - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.

When will cavolo nero be ready to harvest in Queens?

Expect to start picking around 1 Sep - 31 Mar, based on 60 to 80 days to maturity from the planting date calculated for this location.

How much frost will cavolo nero tolerate?

Hardy to about -12C. Repeated frosts convert starch to sugar and the leaf becomes noticeably sweeter, so the winter crop is the better one.