Calendula · Pyongyang, Pyongyang, North Korea
When to sow calendulas in Pyongyang
Main outdoor window
20 Mar - 17 Apr
The window this page is built around.
Timed from last spring frost
10 April
In Pyongyang, on your chosen risk.
Ready to pick
14-29 May
If you plant at the start of the window.
The average last frost. Half of all years are later than this.
Step by step in Pyongyang
Each window is a range, not a single day. Earlier in the range buys you a longer season; later in it buys you a safer one.
Start indoors
27 Feb - 27 Mar
Six weeks before your last frost, under cover or on a windowsill.
Sow direct
20 Mar - 17 Apr
Three weeks before your last frost.
Plant out
27 Mar - 24 Apr
Two weeks before your last frost.
In flower
14-29 May
Calendulas through the year
Against the frost risk in Pyongyang
Why these dates
Sow direct three weeks before the last frost, or start indoors six weeks before it for the earliest flowers. Sow again every three weeks until midsummer for continuous bloom. In mild winters an autumn sowing overwinters as a small rosette and flowers a month earlier than anything sown in spring.
Takes light frost to about -8C without stopping, and often flowers straight through a mild winter in zone 9 and warmer. Heat is the greater enemy: it sulks and mildews above 30C and is best treated as a spring and autumn flower in hot climates.
Seed packets and extension guides express timing as weeks either side of the last spring frost, because that is the only reference point that travels. Calendulas are timed from 6 weeks before that frost for an indoor start, with planting out 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Pyongyang.
Hardiness is not the obstacle here. Pyongyang is zone 7a, comfortably inside the range this crop is rated for, so an established plant should come through an average winter without protection.
The median frost-free season here is 204 days, against 55 to 70 days to first flower for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.
Growing calendulas in Pyongyang
When should I plant calendulas in Pyongyang?
Aim for 20 Mar - 17 Apr in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 31 Mar - 28 Apr - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.
When will calendulas be ready to harvest in Pyongyang?
Expect to start picking around 14-29 May, based on 55 to 70 days to maturity from the planting date calculated for this location.
How much frost will calendulas tolerate?
Takes light frost to about -8C without stopping, and often flowers straight through a mild winter in zone 9 and warmer. Heat is the greater enemy: it sulks and mildews above 30C and is best treated as a spring and autumn flower in hot climates.