Calendula · Mannheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany
When to sow calendulas in Mannheim
Main outdoor window
28 Mar - 25 Apr
The window this page is built around.
Timed from last spring frost
18 April
In Mannheim, on your chosen risk.
Ready to pick
22 May - 6 Jun
If you plant at the start of the window.
The average last frost. Half of all years are later than this.
Step by step in Mannheim
Each window is a range, not a single day. Earlier in the range buys you a longer season; later in it buys you a safer one.
Start indoors
7 Mar - 4 Apr
Six weeks before your last frost, under cover or on a windowsill.
Sow direct
28 Mar - 25 Apr
Three weeks before your last frost.
Plant out
4 Apr - 2 May
Two weeks before your last frost.
In flower
22 May - 6 Jun
Calendulas through the year
Against the frost risk in Mannheim
Why these dates
Sow direct three weeks before the last frost, or start indoors six weeks before it for the earliest flowers. Sow again every three weeks until midsummer for continuous bloom. In mild winters an autumn sowing overwinters as a small rosette and flowers a month earlier than anything sown in spring.
Takes light frost to about -8C without stopping, and often flowers straight through a mild winter in zone 9 and warmer. Heat is the greater enemy: it sulks and mildews above 30C and is best treated as a spring and autumn flower in hot climates.
Seed packets and extension guides express timing as weeks either side of the last spring frost, because that is the only reference point that travels. Calendulas are timed from 6 weeks before that frost for an indoor start, with planting out 2 weeks before it, and this page simply resolves those offsets against the frost date computed for Mannheim.
Hardiness is not the obstacle here. Mannheim is zone 8a, comfortably inside the range this crop is rated for, so an established plant should come through an average winter without protection.
The median frost-free season here is 202 days, against 55 to 70 days to first flower for this crop counted from sowing. That margin is what decides whether a late sowing is worth attempting.
Nearby
Calendulas in places close by
Growing calendulas in Mannheim
When should I plant calendulas in Mannheim?
Aim for 28 Mar - 25 Apr in an average year. If you would rather not gamble on the weather, wait until 6 Apr - 4 May - by then frost has finished in nine years out of ten.
When will calendulas be ready to harvest in Mannheim?
Expect to start picking around 22 May - 6 Jun, based on 55 to 70 days to maturity from the planting date calculated for this location.
How much frost will calendulas tolerate?
Takes light frost to about -8C without stopping, and often flowers straight through a mild winter in zone 9 and warmer. Heat is the greater enemy: it sulks and mildews above 30C and is best treated as a spring and autumn flower in hot climates.