Safe to Plant

Tongchuanshi, Shaanxi, China

Frost dates for Tongchuanshi

The full distribution rather than a single date. Every figure below is a percentile of 30 years of daily minimum temperatures at this location, expressed as the date it fell on.

Median last spring frost

26 March

Half of years are later than this. Not a planting date.

Median first autumn frost

7 November

The far end of the outdoor season.

Frost-free season

226 days

Between those two dates in a median year.

Last and first frost by severity

Read a row as: in this fraction of years, the last frost of spring had already happened by this date. The 90% column is the cautious planting date; the 10% column is the gamble.

Light frost — nights at or below 0°C (32°F). Air temperature reaches freezing. Kills basil, beans and unhardened tomatoes; hardy crops shrug it off.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 17 Mar 26 Mar 13 Apr 7 Mar 20 Apr
First of autumn 27 Oct 7 Nov 19 Nov 10 Oct 22 Nov
Frost-free days 247 226 197 every year on record saw this
Moderate frost — nights at or below -2.2°C (28°F). Damages half-hardy plants and most blossom. This is the threshold that decides a fruit crop.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 6 Mar 19 Mar 6 Apr 27 Feb 13 Apr
First of autumn 6 Nov 17 Nov 24 Nov 2 Nov 29 Nov
Frost-free days 264 244 214 every year on record saw this
Hard frost — nights at or below -4.4°C (24.1°F). Ground freezes and even hardy crops check their growth. Effectively the end of the outdoor year.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 17 Feb 28 Feb 20 Mar 1 Feb 25 Mar
First of autumn 10 Nov 25 Nov 4 Dec 2 Nov 13 Dec
Frost-free days 290 270 235 every year on record saw this

Dates in the southern hemisphere are computed on a growing year that starts in July, which is why "last of spring" falls where it should rather than in the middle of the calendar.

Chance of frost, week by week

Jan Mar Apr Jul Sep Oct Dec
Chance of at least one air frost during each week of the year, measured across the full record. The flat stretch in the middle is your frost-free season.

Temperature through the year

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F
M
A
M
J
J
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Mean monthly temperature across the record. Months shown in blue average at least one air frost.

Monthly means and average number of frost nights.
Month Mean low Mean high Frost nights
January -5.6°C 4.3°C 30.8
February -3°C 8.4°C 24.4
March 1.7°C 15.7°C 10.9
April 7.7°C 22.4°C 0.8
May 13.1°C 27.3°C 0
June 18.2°C 31.6°C 0
July 20.7°C 32.2°C 0
August 19.7°C 30.8°C 0
September 14.6°C 25.7°C 0
October 8°C 19.5°C 0.3
November 0.7°C 12.7°C 13.7
December -4.4°C 6°C 30.1

Turn these dates into a planting calendar →