Safe to Plant

Qingdao, Shandong, China

Frost dates for Qingdao

The full distribution rather than a single date. Every figure below is a percentile of 30 years of daily minimum temperatures at this location, expressed as the date it fell on.

Median last spring frost

9 March

Half of years are later than this. Not a planting date.

Median first autumn frost

14 December

The far end of the outdoor season.

Frost-free season

280 days

Between those two dates in a median year.

Last and first frost by severity

Read a row as: in this fraction of years, the last frost of spring had already happened by this date. The 90% column is the cautious planting date; the 10% column is the gamble.

Light frost — nights at or below 0°C (32°F). Air temperature reaches freezing. Kills basil, beans and unhardened tomatoes; hardy crops shrug it off.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 23 Feb 9 Mar 20 Mar 19 Feb 25 Mar
First of autumn 1 Dec 14 Dec 28 Dec 26 Nov 30 Dec
Frost-free days 308 280 256 every year on record saw this
Moderate frost — nights at or below -2.2°C (28°F). Damages half-hardy plants and most blossom. This is the threshold that decides a fruit crop.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 29 Jan 14 Feb 9 Mar 15 Jan 12 Mar
First of autumn 8 Dec 18 Dec 30 Dec 4 Dec 1 Jan
Frost-free days 335 307 274 every year on record saw this
Hard frost — nights at or below -4.4°C (24.1°F). Ground freezes and even hardy crops check their growth. Effectively the end of the outdoor year.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 22 Jan 8 Feb 15 Feb 9 Jan 20 Feb
First of autumn 19 Dec 26 Dec 31 Dec 16 Dec 31 Dec
Frost-free days 343 321 307 8 of 30 years saw none at all

Dates in the southern hemisphere are computed on a growing year that starts in July, which is why "last of spring" falls where it should rather than in the middle of the calendar.

Chance of frost, week by week

Jan Mar Apr Jul Sep Oct Dec
Chance of at least one air frost during each week of the year, measured across the full record. The flat stretch in the middle is your frost-free season.

Temperature through the year

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F
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A
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Mean monthly temperature across the record. Months shown in blue average at least one air frost.

Monthly means and average number of frost nights.
Month Mean low Mean high Frost nights
January -0.4°C 3.7°C 16.7
February 0.4°C 4.9°C 12.2
March 3.4°C 8.8°C 2.9
April 8°C 13.6°C 0
May 13.6°C 18.9°C 0
June 18.9°C 23.2°C 0
July 23.3°C 26.6°C 0
August 24.4°C 27.7°C 0
September 20.7°C 24.8°C 0
October 15.2°C 19.8°C 0
November 8.7°C 13.2°C 0.1
December 2.4°C 6.4°C 7.2

Turn these dates into a planting calendar →