Safe to Plant

Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Frost dates for Bonn

The full distribution rather than a single date. Every figure below is a percentile of 30 years of daily minimum temperatures at this location, expressed as the date it fell on.

Median last spring frost

21 April

Half of years are later than this. Not a planting date.

Median first autumn frost

6 November

The far end of the outdoor season.

Frost-free season

199 days

Between those two dates in a median year.

Last and first frost by severity

Read a row as: in this fraction of years, the last frost of spring had already happened by this date. The 90% column is the cautious planting date; the 10% column is the gamble.

Light frost — nights at or below 0°C (32°F). Air temperature reaches freezing. Kills basil, beans and unhardened tomatoes; hardy crops shrug it off.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 11 Apr 21 Apr 5 May 1 Apr 13 May
First of autumn 14 Oct 6 Nov 19 Nov 9 Oct 26 Nov
Frost-free days 223 199 162 every year on record saw this
Moderate frost — nights at or below -2.2°C (28°F). Damages half-hardy plants and most blossom. This is the threshold that decides a fruit crop.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 20 Mar 13 Apr 23 Apr 25 Feb 27 Apr
First of autumn 19 Oct 16 Nov 2 Dec 14 Oct 19 Dec
Frost-free days 257 217 179 every year on record saw this
Hard frost — nights at or below -4.4°C (24.1°F). Ground freezes and even hardy crops check their growth. Effectively the end of the outdoor year.
Frost 1 year in 10 Median 9 years in 10 Earliest Latest
Last of spring 28 Jan 7 Mar 5 Apr 13 Jan 14 Apr
First of autumn 5 Nov 29 Nov 21 Dec 23 Oct 28 Dec
Frost-free days 327 267 214 every year on record saw this

Dates in the southern hemisphere are computed on a growing year that starts in July, which is why "last of spring" falls where it should rather than in the middle of the calendar.

Chance of frost, week by week

Jan Mar Apr Jul Sep Oct Dec
Chance of at least one air frost during each week of the year, measured across the full record. The flat stretch in the middle is your frost-free season.

Temperature through the year

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Mean monthly temperature across the record. Months shown in blue average at least one air frost.

Monthly means and average number of frost nights.
Month Mean low Mean high Frost nights
January -2.3°C 2.7°C 20.3
February -1.7°C 4.5°C 17.7
March 0.2°C 8.4°C 14.9
April 2.9°C 12.7°C 6.7
May 6.9°C 16.8°C 0.3
June 10.2°C 20.6°C 0
July 12.3°C 22.9°C 0
August 12.3°C 23.2°C 0
September 9°C 19.2°C 0
October 5.7°C 13.7°C 2.2
November 2°C 7.3°C 8.6
December -1.1°C 3.4°C 18.3

Turn these dates into a planting calendar →